Today’s AI security systems are vulnerable to future quantum computers, which could easily break current encryption and expose sensitive data. Companies should therefore start transitioning to post-quantum cryptography early, especially since the process is complex and time-consuming. A key risk is the “harvest now, decrypt later” scenario, where attackers store encrypted data to crack it in the future.

Hardware-protected data enclaves are also recommended, as they isolate AI workloads and protect them even from internal access. Stronger controls across the entire AI lifecycle, combined with crypto-agility and hardware-based trust mechanisms, are essential to ensure long-term security, compliance, and resilience.